Background exploitation KEV catalog Ransomware No authentication

CVE-2022-42475

Fortinet FortiOS Heap-Based Buffer Overflow Vulnerability

CheckOps priority index

9.7/10 Patch within 24 h

Severity9.3

Probability9.9

Exploitation5/5

Severity = CVSS. Probability = EPSS (FIRST). Exploitation = public signals: KEV, EUVD, ransomware, EPSS above 10 %, no account required.

EPSS · today 99.5% higher than 99.9% of CVEs

CVSS 3.1 9.3 AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:

Exploited for 1,421 days 13 Dec 2022

CISA due date 03 Jan 2023 for US federal agencies

Exploitation probability EPSS · FIRST

EPSS probability (%)Percentile among all CVEs

Exploitation signals 5 / 5

KEV catalog (CISA)13 Dec 2022
Exploited in EUVD (ENISA)13 Dec 2022
Used by ransomwareyes
EPSS above 10 %99.5%
No account, over the networkyes

What to do

Fix

Apply the vendor’s fix as soon as it is available.

CISA guidance: Apply updates per vendor instructions.

Meanwhile

Take the service off the internet or restrict access to it, watch the logs and look for signs of compromise.

Manufacturers (CRA)

Exploited vulnerability in your product: early warning to ENISA within 24 h, then notification within 72 h (Article 14 of the Cyber Resilience Act). The CRA explained

Description ENISA EUVD

A heap-based buffer overflow vulnerability [CWE-122] in FortiOS SSL-VPN 7.2.0 through 7.2.2, 7.0.0 through 7.0.8, 6.4.0 through 6.4.10, 6.2.0 through 6.2.11, 6.0.15 and earlier and FortiProxy SSL-VPN 7.2.0 through 7.2.1, 7.0.7 and earlier may allow a remote unauthenticated attacker to execute arbitrary code or commands via specifically crafted requests.

Affected products

FortiProxyFortiOS

Affected versions

1.1.0 ≤1.1.6
6.4.0 ≤6.4.10
5.0.0 ≤5.0.14
1.2.0 ≤1.2.13
5.4.0 ≤5.4.13
7.0.0 ≤7.0.7
6.0.0 ≤6.0.15
2.0.0 ≤2.0.11
5.6.0 ≤5.6.14
6.2.0 ≤6.2.11
5.2.0 ≤5.2.15
7.0.0 ≤7.0.8

Weaknesses (CWE)

CWE-197

Open source packages OSV

Affected libraries according to OSV, with fixed versions.

Timeline

13 Dec 2022
Exploitation reported (ENISA)
13 Dec 2022
Added to the KEV catalog
02 Jan 2023
Published
03 Jan 2023
CISA remediation due date
26 Sept 2026
EPSS peak: 99.5%

References

Other exploited vulnerabilities from the same vendor

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CVE-2026-104286Fortinet FortiMail Path Traversal Vulnerability
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CVE-2025-25249Fortinet Multiple Products Heap-based Buffer Overflow Vulnerability
4.9 · Actively exploited
CVE-2025-68686Fortinet FortiOS Exposure of Sensitive Information to an Unauthorized Actor Vulnerability
5.4 · Actively exploited
CVE-2026-39808Fortinet FortiSandbox OS Command Injection Vulnerability
8.8 · Actively exploited
CVE-2026-25089Fortinet FortiSandbox OS Command Injection Vulnerability
8.3 · Actively exploited