Background exploitation KEV catalog Ransomware No authentication
CVE-2022-40684

Fortinet Multiple Products Authentication Bypass Vulnerability

An authentication bypass using an alternate path or channel [CWE-288] in Fortinet FortiOS version 7.2.0 through 7.2.1 and 7.0.0 through 7.0.6, FortiProxy version 7.2.0 and version 7.0.0 through 7.0.6 and FortiSwitchManager version 7.2.0…

CheckOps priority index
9.9/10 Patch within 24 h
Severity9.8
Probability10.0
Exploitation5/5

Severity = CVSS. Probability = EPSS (FIRST). Exploitation = public signals: KEV, EUVD, ransomware, EPSS above 10 %, no account required.

EPSS · today 99.98% higher than 99.98% of CVEs
CVSS 3.1 9.8 AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:
Exploited for 1,484 days 11 Oct 2022
CISA due date 01 Nov 2022 for US federal agencies

Exploitation probability EPSS · FIRST

05010026 Sep05 Oct15 Oct24 Oct02 Nov
EPSS probability (%)Percentile among all CVEs

Exploitation signals 5 / 5

  • KEV catalog (CISA)11 Oct 2022
  • Exploited in EUVD (ENISA)11 Oct 2022
  • Used by ransomwareyes
  • EPSS above 10 %99.98%
  • No account, over the networkyes

What to do

Fix

Apply the vendor’s fix as soon as it is available.

CISA guidance: Apply updates per vendor instructions.

Meanwhile

Take the service off the internet or restrict access to it, watch the logs and look for signs of compromise.

Manufacturers (CRA)

Exploited vulnerability in your product: early warning to ENISA within 24 h, then notification within 72 h (Article 14 of the Cyber Resilience Act). The CRA explained

Description ENISA EUVD

An authentication bypass using an alternate path or channel [CWE-288] in Fortinet FortiOS version 7.2.0 through 7.2.1 and 7.0.0 through 7.0.6, FortiProxy version 7.2.0 and version 7.0.0 through 7.0.6 and FortiSwitchManager version 7.2.0 and 7.0.0 allows an unauthenticated atttacker to perform operations on the administrative interface via specially crafted HTTP or HTTPS requests.

Affected products

Fortinet FortiOS, FortiProxy, FortiSwitchManagerMultiple Products
Affected versions
  • FortiOS 7.2.1, 7.2.0, 7.0.6, 7.0.5, 7.0.4, 7.0.3, 7.0.2, 7.0.1, 7.0.0; FortiProxy 7.2.0, 7.0.6, 7.0.5, 7.0.4, 7.0.3, 7.0.2, 7.0.1, 7.0.0; FortiSwitchManager 7.2.0, 7.0.0
Weaknesses (CWE)

Open source packages OSV

Affected libraries according to OSV, with fixed versions.

Timeline

  1. Exploitation reported (ENISA)

  2. Added to the KEV catalog

  3. Published

  4. CISA remediation due date

  5. EPSS peak: 99.98%

References

Other exploited vulnerabilities from the same vendor

  • CVE-2025-61624Fortinet Multiple Products Path Traversal Vulnerability
    3.4 · Rising fast
  • CVE-2026-104286Fortinet FortiMail Path Traversal Vulnerability
    5.9 · Actively exploited
  • CVE-2025-25249Fortinet Multiple Products Heap-based Buffer Overflow Vulnerability
    4.9 · Actively exploited
  • CVE-2025-68686Fortinet FortiOS Exposure of Sensitive Information to an Unauthorized Actor Vulnerability
    5.4 · Actively exploited
  • CVE-2026-39808Fortinet FortiSandbox OS Command Injection Vulnerability
    8.8 · Actively exploited
  • CVE-2026-25089Fortinet FortiSandbox OS Command Injection Vulnerability
    8.3 · Actively exploited

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Sources: CISA KEV · ENISA EUVD · FIRST EPSS · OSV. Public data aggregated by CheckOps, updated automatically. Source texts remain the property of their authors. All exploited vulnerabilities