Android OS Privilege Escalation Vulnerability
The vold volume manager daemon on Android 3.0 and 2.x before 2.3.4 trusts messages that are received from a PF_NETLINK socket, which allows local users to execute arbitrary code and gain root privileges via a negative index that bypasses a…
Severity = CVSS. Probability = EPSS (FIRST). Exploitation = public signals: KEV, EUVD, ransomware, EPSS above 10 %, no account required.
Exploitation probability EPSS · FIRST
Exploitation signals 3 / 5
- KEV catalog (CISA)08 Sept 2022
- Exploited in EUVD (ENISA)08 Sept 2022
- Used by ransomwareno
- EPSS above 10 %41.4%
- No account, over the networkno
What to do
Fix
Apply the vendor’s fix as soon as it is available.
CISA guidance: Apply updates per vendor instructions.
Meanwhile
Take the service off the internet or restrict access to it, watch the logs and look for signs of compromise.
Manufacturers (CRA)
Exploited vulnerability in your product: early warning to ENISA within 24 h, then notification within 72 h (Article 14 of the Cyber Resilience Act). The CRA explained
Description ENISA EUVD
The vold volume manager daemon on Android 3.0 and 2.x before 2.3.4 trusts messages that are received from a PF_NETLINK socket, which allows local users to execute arbitrary code and gain root privileges via a negative index that bypasses a maximum-only signed integer check in the DirectVolume::handlePartitionAdded method, which triggers memory corruption, as demonstrated by Gingerbreak.
Affected products
Open source packages OSV
Affected libraries according to OSV, with fixed versions.
Timeline
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Published
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Exploitation reported (ENISA)
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Added to the KEV catalog
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CISA remediation due date
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EPSS peak: 41.4%
References
Other exploited vulnerabilities from the same vendor
- CVE-2025-48595Android Framework Integer Overflow Vulnerability4.6 · Actively exploited
- CVE-2025-48633Android Framework Information Disclosure Vulnerability3.4 · Background exploitation
- CVE-2025-48572Android Framework Privilege Escalation Vulnerability4.3 · Background exploitation
- CVE-2025-48543Android Runtime Use-After-Free Vulnerability4.7 · Background exploitation
- CVE-2024-43093Android Framework Privilege Escalation Vulnerability4.1 · Background exploitation
- CVE-2024-36971Android Kernel Remote Code Execution Vulnerability4.4 · Background exploitation